Named Parts of a Katana: A Guide to Understanding Inscriptions

In Japanese culture, katanas are not only revered for their functionality but also for their aesthetic appeal and historical significance. One of the most fascinating aspects of katana-making is the art of inscribing named parts on these swords. In this article, we will delve into the world of inscriptions and explore the various types of named parts found on katanas.

The practice of engraving names on katanas dates back to ancient times. In many cases, the owner's name was engraved later on an older sword that already existed. This would occur when the owner commissioned a swordsmith to create a new sword, and both the swordsmith's name and the owner's name were inscribed at the same time.

In addition to the swordsmith's name, some katanas also feature inscriptions on the tang, which is the long, thin piece of metal that runs along the spine of the sword. The practice of engraving names on the tang is thought to have originated in the Nara period (710-794), when it was mandated by law for swordsmiths to include their name and other identifying information on the tang.

There are several types of inscriptions found on katanas, including Ura-mei, which refers to an inscription engraved on the back of the tang. This type of inscription is commonly found on Bizen swords, while Mino swords tend to have fewer inscriptions on the back.

Another type of inscription is Tachi-mei, which was popular during the late Heian period (794-1192) and early Muromachi period (1392-1573). During this time, tachi swords were the primary type of sword being produced, and many swordsmiths chose to inscribe their names on the hakiomote or sashiomote.

In recent times, the style of battle has shifted from horseback to infantry, and swords have also evolved to become more versatile. Uchigatana, a shorter and more curved version of the tachi, has become increasingly popular. As a result, many swordsmiths are now inscribing their names on the sashiura rather than the hakiomote.

In conclusion, the named parts of a katana are an important aspect of Japanese sword-making history. From the earliest recorded inscriptions in the Nara period to modern-day Uchigatana, each type of inscription provides valuable insight into the craftsmanship and artistry that goes into creating these magnificent blades. By understanding the various types of named parts found on katanas, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the history and culture behind these revered weapons.

Named parts of a katana